Purpose
This randomized controlled trial (RCT) assessed the effectiveness of a culturally adapted metacognition-based manualized intervention (ConquerFear) in managing fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) among Hong Kong Chinese cancer survivors.
Methods
Chinese cancer survivors who had completed primary and adjuvant treatments within 2 years with an FCRI-SF cutoff score > 13 were recruited in the study. Participants were randomly allocated to either the intervention arm (ConquerFear-HK; focusing on attention training, metacognition modification, acceptance, appropriate monitoring behaviour, and goal settings) or the active control arm (BasicCancerCare; standardised survivorship care), with 6 sessions each. Participants were assessed at prior randomization (baseline; T0), immediately post-intervention (T1), 3-month (T2), and 6-month (T3) post-intervention using the Fear of Cancer Recurrence Inventory (FCRI), metacognition (MCQ-30), and sociodemographic information. Clinical details were extracted from medical records. T-test and linear mixed model analyses were performed to compare outcome changes over time.
Results
Of the 223/845 eligible patients approached, 178 (79.8%) consented, with 90 randomised to the intervention arm and 88 randomised to the control arm. A total of 79.8% of participants completed at least one follow-up assessment and were included in the final analysis (n=142). The total FCRI score change between T2 and T0 differed significantly between the intervention groups (intervention: mean=-15.17 vs. control: mean=-7.06; p=0.021). There were significant declining trends in FCR (p<0.001) and negative MCQ in both arms (p=0.002), with a faster rate of decline observed in the intervention arm than in the control arm (FCR: p=0.009; negative MCQ: p=0.005). The change in the negative MCQ score was unrelated to the change in FCR over time.
Conclusion
ConquerFear-HK is effective in managing FCR in the short term (i.e., 3-month post-intervention). An additional booster session may be considered for the intervention to further enhance its long-term effects. The mechanism underlying ConquerFear-HK remains unclear and warrants further investigation.