Aims: Optimal Care Pathways (OCPs) are standards for cancer care that aim to reduce unwarranted variation and improve patient outcomes. This study compared concordance with colorectal cancer OCP recommendations before and after the introduction of OCPs in Victoria, Australia.
Methods: Cross-sectional surveys were conducted of two groups of patients identified by the Victorian Cancer Registry with a primary colorectal cancer, and their general practitioners (GPs): the first in 2012-2014 (pre-OCP), the second in 2018-2019 (post-OCP). Poisson regression examined the relative difference in the proportion of patients receiving care concordant with OCP recommendations for timeliness of care, diagnostic investigations and treatment, before and after implementation. Exploratory analyses examined disparities in timeliness of care by socio-economic position or remoteness of residence.
Results: The pre-OCP group included 413 patients (43% response) and 275 GPs; the post-OCP group 320 patients (34% response) and 201 GPs. Surveys were completed a median 6-months (pre-OCP) and 7-months (post-OCP) post-diagnosis.
Both groups had similar concordance with recommended timeframes to receive a colonoscopy or surgeon appointment, and to start neoadjuvant treatment or adjuvant chemotherapy. Concordance with recommendations for investigating symptoms was lower in the post-OCP group, especially for physical examination (relative risk [RR]=0.71; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.57-0.89, p=.003). Rectal cancer patients were more likely to have an MRI post-OCP (RR=1.31; 95%CI 1.03-1.66, p=.027).
Estimates consistently indicated that patients residing in rural or low socio-economic areas were less likely to receive care in accordance with OCP recommended timeframes than their urban, high socio-economic counterparts. Disparities by socio-economic status were consistent pre- and post-OCP, but disparities by remoteness increased.
Conclusions: There were limited changes in delivery of OCP recommended care early after policy introduction. A comprehensive implementation strategy is needed to embed OCPs in practice, with a sustained focus on disparities, given existing and growing inequities for some populations.