Background
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a common dose-limiting toxicity of taxanes with limited effective treatments. Electroacupuncture (EA) is an Integrative Oncology treatment that could ameliorate CIPN. This single-centre, pilot, sham-controlled randomised, phase II trial aimed to assess the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary signal of activity of early EA intervention during taxanes.
Methods
Eligible patients with stage I-III breast cancer receiving weekly or 3-weekly taxanes were randomised 1:1 at CIPN onset to receive EA or sham-EA once weekly for 10 weeks, with follow-up at 8- and 24-weeks post-taxanes. Primary outcomes were feasibility and acceptability measured by recruitment, adherence rates, patient blinding success, and follow-up compliance. Secondary outcomes included the extent of deterioration of CIPN in each group from randomisation to week 12 of chemotherapy assessed by the EORTC QLQ-CIPN20 (linearly converted into a 0-100 scale), compared using the Mann-Whitney test; and the proportion of patients completing 12 weeks of chemotherapy without CIPN-related dose modifications.
Results
34 patients were randomised into EA or Sham-EA groups (n=17 each). Completion rates for the 10-week intervention were 82.0% (EA) vs. 94.0% (Sham-EA). Follow-up compliance was 82.0% (EA) vs. 76.0% (Sham-EA) at 8 weeks, and 82.0% (EA) vs. 71.0% (Sham-EA) at 24 weeks. The recruitment rate averaged 3.7 patients per month. More patients correctly identified their treatment group in EA (63.0%) than Sham-EA groups (35.0%). 82.0% of patients in both groups did not require CIPN-related taxane dose modifications. This study was not powered to detect efficacy and did not demonstrate a statistically significant difference in CIPN deterioration scores between groups: EA 5.4 (SD 8.2), Sham-EA 3.3 (SD 10.3), P= 0.48.
Conclusions
The pilot study demonstrated high feasibility and acceptability with adequate blinding. A larger randomised controlled trial is needed to determine the efficacy of EA.