Background and Objective
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a complex and dose-limiting toxicity of anticancer treatments with chronic symptoms leading to increased disability and reduced quality of life. While majority of patients treated with neurotoxic treatments will develop CIPN, subgroup of patients will me more significantly impacted by these symptoms. This study evaluated clinical risk factors associated with development of chronic, severe and dose-limiting CIPN, utilising a comprehensive multi-modal battery of neuropathy assessment.
Methods
Baseline clinical risk factors were investigated in patients who had completed neurotoxic chemotherapy (taxanes, platinums and haematological cancer therapies). CIPN was assessed using patient reported outcome measure (EORTC QLQ-CIPN20), neurological and neurophysiological evaluation (Total Neuropathy Score, nerve conduction studies), and clinically graded neuropathy (NCI-CTCAE). Multivariate models of risk factors associated with development of chronic, severe and dose-limiting CIPN were evaluated using backwards stepwise regression model building.
Results
The study recruited 903 patients (age 61 (IQR 50-69) years) who were assessed 12 (IQR 6-24) months post neurotoxic treatment. 73% of patients presented with CIPN at time of assessment, with 37% having moderate to severe symptoms. 32% of patients had their neurotoxic treatment dose modified due to CIPN. Risk factors of CIPN differed depending on method of CIPN assessment. Common risk factors for chronic CIPN across all assessment approaches included older age, diabetes diagnosis, higher BMI and prior exposure to neurotoxic treatment (all P<0.05). Risk factors for severe CIPN included older age, higher BMI, prior neurotoxic treatment and female gender (all P<0.05), whereas risk factors for dose-limiting CIPN included older age and female gender (all P<0.05).
Discussion
This study identified baseline clinical risk factors associated chronic, severe and dose-limiting CIPN. Closer monitoring of these vulnerable cohorts will allow for timely CIPN management, including referral pathways to intervention and rehabilitation therapies which will ultimately lead to improved CIPN morbidity.